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ObjectiveTo investigate the differences in clinical features and mortality rate between native patients with chronic liver failure （CHF） and migrated patients with CHF after treatment with double plasma molecular adsorption system （DPMAS） in high-altitude areas. MethodsA total of 63 patients with CHF who received DPMAS treatment in the intensive care unit of General Hospital of Tibet Military Command from January 2016 to December 2021 were enrolled， and according to their history of residence in high-altitude areas， they were divided into native group with 29 patients and migrated group with 34 patients. The two groups were compared in terms of baseline data and clinical features before and after DPMAS treatment. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups， and the paired t-test was used for comparison before and after treatment within each group； the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups， and the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test was used for comparison before and after treatment within each group； the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves， and the Log-rank test was used for comparison of the risk of death. ResultsCompared with the native group， the migrated group had a significantly higher proportion of Chinese Han patients （χ2=41.729， P<0.001）， and compared with the migrated group， the native group had a significantly longer duration of the most recent continuous residence in high-altitude areas （Z=3.364， P<0.001）. Compared with the native group， the migrated group had significantly higher MELD score and incidence rates of hepatic encephalopathy， hepatorenal syndrome， and gastrointestinal bleeding （Z=2.318， χ2=6.903， 5.154， and 6.262， all P<0.05）. Both groups had significant changes in platelet count （PLT）， hemoglobin count （HGB）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， albumin， total bilirubin （TBil）， direct bilirubin （DBil）， lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）， creatinine （Cr）， and international normalized ratio （INR） after DPMAS treatment （all P<0.05）. Before DPMAS treatment， compared with the native group， the migrated group had significantly higher levels of ALT， AST， TBil， DBil， LDH， Cr， BUN， and INR （all P<0.05） and a significantly lower level of HGB （P<0.05）； after DPMAS treatment， compared with the native group， the migrated group had significantly greater reductions in PLT and HGB （both P<0.05） and still significantly higher levels of ALT， AST， TBil， DBil， LDH， BUN， and INR （all P<0.05）. The 60-day mortality rate of patients after DPMAS treatment was 52.5% （95% confidence interval ［CI］： 41.7 — 63.8） in the native group and 81.3% （95%CI： 77.9 — 85.6） in the migrated group. Compared with the native group （hazard ratio ［HR］=0.47， 95%CI： 0.23 — 0.95）， the migrated group had a significant increase in the risk of death on day 60 （HR=2.14， 95%CI： 1.06 — 4.32， P=0.039）. ConclusionCompared with the native patients with CHF in high-altitude areas， migrated patients have a higher degree of liver impairment， a lower degree of improvement in liver function after DPMAS treatment， and a higher mortality rate. Clinical medical staff need to pay more attention to migrated patients with CHF， so as to improve their survival rates.
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The anatomy of the shoulder joint is complex. Glenoid fractures, intra-articular fractures of the shoulder, are relatively rare and often accompanied by serious injury. At present, there has been no consensus on the optimal strategies for their treatment. Insufficient knowledge and improper treatment of the surgeons may seriously affect the shoulder function of the patients to harm their quality of life. Therefore, proper handling of such fractures is a major challenge in clinic. In recent years when high-energy injuries are increasing and functional recovery after shoulder fracture is emphasized by more and more patients, great efforts have been put into the research into such fractures by orthopedic surgeons. This reviews expounds on the anatomy, diagnosis, classification and treatment of glenoid fractures, aiming to provide useful reference for the orthopaedic surgeons who deal with glenoid fractures.
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"Double-driven" teacher professional development is a transformation from a novice teacher to an expert teacher through both internal and external driving pathway based on education ecology and teacher encouragement theory. The internal driving pathway of teacher professional development includes socialist belief, professional conscience, and professional consciousness, while the external driving pathway includes standardized management system, school-based teaching and research activities, medicine-education cooperation, and campus positive culture.
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CircRNA(circular RNA) is a new class of covalently closed circular non-coding RNAs, with the function of the microRNA sponge, regulation of gene expression, and other functions. Studies have confirmed that circRNAs are involved in the occurrence and progression of a variety of tumors, and can be used as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for tumor diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. In this paper, the expression and mechanism of circRNA in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma are reviewed.
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OBJECTIVE：To explore the mechanism of Hippophae rhamnoides in the treatment of Alzheimer ’s disease （AD）， and to provide theoretic reference for further exploring the material basis. METHODS ：TCMSP，Uniprot，GeneCards database were used to screen the active components of H. rhamnoides ，targets and AD-related target gene. The “ingredients-targets-related diseases”network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1 software. STRING database was adopted to construct protein interaction （PPI）network，molecular docking was conducted between the potential targets with high degree values and active components of H. rhamnoides . The gene ontology （GO）analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes （KEGG）pathway enrichment analysis were performed by Clue GO for the potential target of H. rhamnoides in the treatment of AD. Totally 50 mice were randomly divided into blank group ，model group [ D-galactose 120 mg/（kg·d），AlCl3 solution 20 mg/（mL·d）]，positive drug group [oxiracetam 260 mg/（kg·d）]，seabuckthorn oil extract group [ 1.6 g/（kg·d）]，seabuckthorn polyphenols group [1.6 g/（kg·d）]，with 10 mice in each group. The mice was given relevant medicine intragastrically and modeling agent ；blank group was given constant volume of distilled water intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 60 d. The learning and memory abilities were detected by Morris water maze test ；the levels of immune factors in hippocampus tissue were measured by ELISA. Pathological morphology of hippocampus tissue was observed by HE staining. The mechanism of H. rhamnoides in the treatment of AD was validated preliminarily. RESULTS ：Totally 22 active components of H. rhamnoides （quercetin，kaempferol，isorhamnetin， β-carotene，β-sitosterol） may affect biological processes such as nuclear receptor activity ，lipopolysaccharide-mediated signal pathway，and may affect 114 methabolism pathways such as IL- 17 signal transduction pathway ，TNF signal transduction pathway by regulating 147 targets such as serine/threonine kinase coding protein （AKT1），amino terminal kinase （JUN）and mitogen activated protein kinase （MAPK1）. The results of molecular docking showed that binding scores of the main active components of H. rhamnoides and the main target proteins were all above 4.25，which showed good binding activity. Results of pharmacology experiment showed that H. rhamnoides extract could shorten the escape latency of AD model mice ，increased the times of crossing platform，relieved hippocampus injury of cerebral tissue ，and decreased the contents of inflammatory factors TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6 and IL- 17 in hippocampus of cerebral tissue. CONCLUSIONS ：The active components of H. rhamnoides can regulate multiple targets in the important pathway of AD ；animal experiments preliminarily verify that H. rhamnoides can relieve the hippocampus injury and improve the learning and memory ability of AD model mice by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors.
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Metastatic seminal vesicle carcinoma is rare in clinic. The case of renal clear cell carcinoma metastasis to the seminal vesicle gland is more rare, which is difficult to be identified with bladder, prostate and colorectal tumors. In November 2017, 1 case of renal clear cell carcinoma metastasis to the left side of the seminal vesicle gland was admitted in our hospital.Laparoscopy seminal vesicle metastasis tumor resection was performed. Regular bladder irrigation and sunitib oral intake were conducted. No evidence of local recurrence was found within 19 months follow-up.
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Metastatic seminal vesicle carcinoma is rare in clinic.The case of renal clear cell carcinoma metastasis to the seminal vesicle gland is more rare,which is difficult to be identified with bladder,prostate and colorectal tumors.In November 2017,1 case of renal clear cell carcinoma metastasis to the left side of the seminal vesicle gland was admitted in our hospital.Laparoscopy seminal vesicle metastasis tumor resection was performed.Regular bladder irrigation and sunitib oral intake were conducted.No evidence of local recurrence was found within 19 months follow-up.
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OBJECTIVE： To conduct sulfated modification of polysaccharide from Dictamnus dasycarpus （DDP-Ⅲ）， and to compare structure characteristics and anti-psoriasis activity of DDP-Ⅲ before and after sulfated modification. METHODS： DDP-Ⅲ was separated and purified with DEAE-52 anion exchange cellulose column and Sephadex G-100 column. After derived with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone， HPLC was used to determine the composition of its monosaccharide. SDDP-Ⅲ was synthesized using esterification reagent （anhydrous pyridine+chlorosulfonic acid） to modify DDP-Ⅲ. The degree of sulfate substitution was determined by barium chloride-gelatin turbidimetric method. The structures were compared by IR， Raman spectrum and SEM before and after modification. The male ICR mice were randomly divided into normal group， model group， positive group （tripterygium glycosides， 20 mg/kg） and DDP-Ⅲ/SDDP-Ⅲ low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups （56， 112， 224 mg/kg）. Except that normal group was given vaseline for external use， and other groups were given Imiquimod cream for external use to induce psoriasis model. At the same time， administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically 0.4 mL， and both normal group and model group were given constant volume of water intragastrically， once a day， for consecutive 14 d. Two hours after last medication， the serum contents of IL-17 and IL-23 were determined by ELISA. The skin scales near the tail were observed by HE staining， and the number of scales with granular layer was recorded. RESULTS： DDP-Ⅲ was composed of mannose， rhamnose， glucuronic acid， galacturonic acid and glucose. The degree of sulfate substitution was 0.65 for SDDP-Ⅲ. IR and Raman spectrum showed that the characteristic absorption peaks of sulfate radical group appeared near 1 255 cm－1 and 823 cm－1， 1 240 cm－1 and 815 cm－1 for SDDP-Ⅲ， except for same characteristic absorption peak as DDP-Ⅲ. SEM analysis showed that DDP-Ⅲ was flaky， smooth and tightly arranged； SDDP-Ⅲ was massive or granular with porous structure and loose arrangement. Animal experiment showed that compared with normal group， the epidermis of skin lesion was significantly thickened and the granular layer was significantly reduced； serum contents of IL-17 and IL-23 were increased significantly， while the number of scales with granular layer was decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， above symptoms of administration groups were improved to different extent， and serum contents of IL-17 and IL-23 in positive group， DDP-Ⅲ high-dose groups， SDDP-Ⅲ medium-dose and high-dose groups were decreased significantly； the number of scales with granular layer was increased significantly， and above indexes of SDDP-Ⅲ medium-dose and high-dose groups were significantly better than corresponding DDP-Ⅲ group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： DDP-Ⅲ contains five monosaccharide components such as mannose， etc. Both DDP-Ⅲ and SDDP-Ⅲ possess anti- psoriasis effects， and SDDP-Ⅲ exhibits stronger anti-psoriasis effect than DDP-Ⅲ. Its mechanism may be associated with inhibiting IL-23/IL-17 signaling pathway.
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Objective To investigate the effects of ginkgo biloba extracts ( EGb761) on learning and memory and the protective effect on hippocampal neurons in rats with vascular dementia (VD). Meth-ods Ninety rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group,model group and EGb761-treated group, with 30 rats in each group. Rats in each group were examined at 15 days,1 month and 2 months,with 10 rats in each time point. VD model was established by bilateral carotid artery occlusion combinding with injection of sodium nitroprusside. Morris water maze test was used to detect the learning and memory function of rats. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was observed by immunofluorescence. Western-blot was used to detect the protein expression of P-glycoprotein ( P-GP ), excitatory amino acid transporters 2 ( EAAT2),caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of P-GP and EAAT2 in the hippocampus of rats in each group. Results Compared with sham-operated group,the escape latency (EL) was significantly prolonged at each time point in model group ( sham-operated group:15 days (15. 52±3. 23) s,1 month ( 14. 21 ± 2. 62) s,2 months ( 15. 37 ± 1. 66) s;model group:15 days ( 30. 35 ± 2. 30)s,1 month(40. 78± 3. 55) s, 2 months( 33. 88± 1. 47) s; all P<0. 01). The EL of EGb761-treated group was significantly shorter than that of the model group(EGb761-treated group:15 days(25. 69±2. 44)s, 1 month(20. 78±1. 72)s,2 months(18. 23±1. 67)s,all P<0. 01). Immunofluorescence showed that the ex-pression of GFAP in EGb761-treated group was lower than that of the model group (P<0. 01). Western blot showed that cleaved caspase-3 protein expression in EGb761-treated group at each time point was significant-ly lower than that in the model group (P<0. 01). Western-blot and RT-PCR results showed that the protein and mRNA expression of P-GP and EAAT2 in EGb761-treated group at 15 day and 1 month time points were significant increased than those in the model group (P<0. 01). At 2 month time point,which were lower than those in the model group (P<0. 01). Conclusion EGb761 can improve the learning and memory ability of VD rats,and regulate the protein and mRNA expression of P-GP and EAAT2 in hippocampus of VD rats at different time points (up-regulated in 1 month and down-regulated in 2 month),and down-regulate the ex-pression of cleaved caspase-3 and GFAP at different time points,thereby delaying the brain damage of VD rats and protecting neurons.
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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis in patients with prostate specific antigen (PSA) abnormal prostate disease. Methods The patients who had abnormal PSA from January 2017 to December 2018 in Weifang People′s Hospital were selected. Patients with prostate puncture indications were as research target. A total of 137 patients including 44 patients with prostate cancer and 93 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were diagnosed by puncture. All patients underwent magnetic resonance scan and enhancement and spectroscopy before surgery. The comparative value of magnetic resonance scan + enhancement, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and joint examination was obtained. Results Sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging and enhancement was 77.3% (34/44), specificity was 86.0% (80/93), and accuracy was 83.2% (114/137). Sensitivity of magnetic resonance spectroscopy was 52.3% (23/44), specificity was 77.4% (72/93), and accuracy was 69.3% (95/137). The sensitivity of the combined application was 90.9% (40/44), specificity was 91.4% (85/93), and accuracy was 91.2% (125/137). Conclusions The application of magnetic resonance spectroscopy can increase the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of magnetic resonance plain scan and intensive examination for diagnosis of prostate cancer.
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Objective To explore the potential role of BK virus (BKV) in urothelial carcinoma after renal transplantation .Methods From May 2013 to March 2017 , We collected 26 cases of urothelial carcinoma after renal transplantation (study group) and 30 cases of urothelial carcinoma of non-immunosuppressed patients (control group) .Tumor tissues were stained with SV40 T antigen by immunohistochemical assay .Urinary and peripheral blood samples were assayed for BKV-DNA levels by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) .Results There were 7 positive cases of SV40 T-Ag in study group and only 1 weakly positive case in control group .The positive rate of BKV-DNA was 38 .5％ in urinary samples in study group (10 /26 ) and it was significantly higher than that in control group by 10％ (3/30)(P< 0 .05) .And the positive rate of blood BKV-DNA was not different between two groups ( P > 0 .05 ) .Conclusions There is a relatively high prevalence of BKV infection in urothelial carcinoma after renal transplantation .And a ,high level of BKV infection may play a role in urothelial carcinoma after renal transplantation .
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Objective To investigate the value of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) in quantitative evaluation of the microstructural changes in basal ganglia and thalamus in Wilson's disease (WD) patients,and to assess the diagnostic efficacy of NODDI.Methods Totally 27 WD patients (WD group) and 26 age-and sex-matched controls (control group) were enrolled.All subjects underwent MR scanning with NODDI.Parameters of NODDI,including intracellular volume fraction (Vic),orientation dispersion index (ODI) and isotropic volume fraction (Viso) of bilateral caudate nucleus,globus pallidus,putamen and thalamus were compared between the 2 groups.Correlation analysis was performed between each parameter of NODDI and clinical Young scores.Random Forest model was used to assess the relative importance of each parameter and to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy.Results The Vic and ODI of bilateral caudate nucleus,globus pallidus and putamen in WD patients were significantly lower than those in normal controls (all P＜0.05),while Viso was significantly higher than that in normal controls (all P＜0.05).The Vic of bilateral thalamus was lower,while Viso was higher in WD patients than those in normal controls (all P＜0.05),and ODI had no significant difference between the 2 groups (P=0.055).In WD patients,Vic and ODI of bilateral caudate nucleus,globus pallidus and putamen were negatively correlated with clinical Young scores.Viso of globus pallidus and putamen were positively correlated with clinical scores.The prediction accuracy of NODDI was 96.23％,and the area under ROC curve was 0.96.Conclusion NODDI can effectively evaluate changes in microstructures and metabolism during copper deposition in WD patients,and it may be useful in detecting changes of brain deep nuclei and assessing the progression of WD.
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Objective To compare the difference between fasting blood lipids and non－fasting blood lipids in children in Tianjin,and to explore the feasibility of non－fasting blood lipids detection in children.Methods A total of 223 child patients were enrolled in Department of Pediatrics,the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 2017 to February 2018,fasting and 1－6 h post－dining blood samples were collected from each patient.Total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high－density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL－C)and low－density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL－C)were measured.Self－control methods were used.Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for statisti-cal analysis.Results Compared with fasting lipids,non－fasting TC increased with 0.02 mmol/L,TG increased with 0.01 mmol/L,HDL－C increased with 0.03 mmol/L,while LDL－C decreased with 0.01 mmol/L,but non－high－density lipoprotein cholesterol did not change.Among them,only the difference in HDL －C between the fasting and non－fasting was statistically significant (Z＝ －2.870,P＜0.05).The difference in the change rate of all indicators was ＜3%.According to the dyslipidemia group comparison,the differences in hypercholesterolemia (0.72 mmol/L, Z＝ －2.551,P＝0.011),hypertriglyceridemia (0.73 mmol/L,Z＝ －3. 846,P＜0.001),low high－density lipopro-tein cholesterolemia (－0.04 mmol/L,Z ＝ －8.625,P ＜0.001)and normal level HDL －C (0.1 mmol/L,Z ＝－5.040,P＜0.001)between non －fasting lipids and fasting blood lipids were statistically significant.Conclusions The change of children's blood lipid profile in fasting and non－fasting conditions is little.Lipid testing in children does not require fasting.Blood tests can be performed at any appropriate time point in the normal diet.
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Objective To explore the expressions and changes of endogenous neural stem cells (ENSCs) and Notch-1 after acute spinal cord injury in adult rats,and to explore its role in the nerve regeneration process.Methods The 30 Sprague Dawley (SD) female rats (3-6 months) (300-350 g) were divided into control groups (n =5) and experimental group (n =25) by digital random method.The control group only accepted lamina decompression,and the experimental group was the spinal cord injury group.Five rats were drawn when at 1 d,3 d,1 w,2 w,and 4 w,then behavior,histology,immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence method were used to detect the proliferation and expression of endogenous neural stem cells and Notch-1 protein.Results Behavioral observation showed the experimental group rats were disfunction.Histological observation showed nerve fiber structure turbulence,edema and denaturation in the experimental group.Immunohistochemistry staining showed the Notch-1 expression every experimental group.Notch-1 positive cell peaked at 3 days.Immunofluorescence test showed,in the experimental group damage to segment the area surrounding the BrdU positive staining cells was significantly higher than the control group.Using three-dimensional quantitative study method detected in 1 w after spinal cord injury was the number of newborn cells mitosis,most about was about 75 times in the control group.Linear regression method was used to analyze the different time points after BrdU and Notch-1 protein expression positive area,the area of the results found that both into linear correlation.Conclusions The new born neurons after spinal cord injury in rats Notch-1 expression has a certain relevance.In addition,the expression of signal protein Notch-1,might be associated with early proliferation of ENSCs in rats.
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Objective To explore the expressions and changes of endogenous neural stem cells (ENSCs) and Notch-1 after acute spinal cord injury in adult rats,and to explore its role in the nerve regeneration process.Methods The 30 Sprague Dawley (SD) female rats (3-6 months) (300-350 g) were divided into control groups (n =5) and experimental group (n =25) by digital random method.The control group only accepted lamina decompression,and the experimental group was the spinal cord injury group.Five rats were drawn when at 1 d,3 d,1 w,2 w,and 4 w,then behavior,histology,immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence method were used to detect the proliferation and expression of endogenous neural stem cells and Notch-1 protein.Results Behavioral observation showed the experimental group rats were disfunction.Histological observation showed nerve fiber structure turbulence,edema and denaturation in the experimental group.Immunohistochemistry staining showed the Notch-1 expression every experimental group.Notch-1 positive cell peaked at 3 days.Immunofluorescence test showed,in the experimental group damage to segment the area surrounding the BrdU positive staining cells was significantly higher than the control group.Using three-dimensional quantitative study method detected in 1 w after spinal cord injury was the number of newborn cells mitosis,most about was about 75 times in the control group.Linear regression method was used to analyze the different time points after BrdU and Notch-1 protein expression positive area,the area of the results found that both into linear correlation.Conclusions The new born neurons after spinal cord injury in rats Notch-1 expression has a certain relevance.In addition,the expression of signal protein Notch-1,might be associated with early proliferation of ENSCs in rats.
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Objective To investigate the expression levels and significance of interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin (IL)-10 mRNA in peritoneal fluid mononuclear cells (PFMC) in patients with endometriosis (EM).Methods A total of 55 patients with EM diagnosed histopathologically after operation were enrolled as EM group,and 52 patients without EM were enrolled as control group.The PFMC were isolated,and the expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 mRNA were determined by TaqMan real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results It was found that IFN-γ mRNA expression level was significantly decreased in EM group compared with that in control group (P＜0.05),while IL-10 mRNA expression level was significantly increased in EM group compared with that in control group (P＜0.05).The ratio of IFN-γ/ IL-10 was significantly lower in EM group than that in control group (P＜0.05).The ratio of IFN-γIL-10 was significantly higher in patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ than that in patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (P＜0.05).Conclusion The imbalance of IFN-γ/ IL-10 in PFMC is associated with the pathogenesis of EM.
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Objective To synthetize a novel MR molecular imaging probe named USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1,and to evaluate its value in detecting U87 cells by MR imaging. Methods USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1 was synthetized by conjugating USPIO?PEG with tLyP?1. Neuropilin?1 expression levels of glioma cell lines were detected by Western blot. The cytotoxicity of USPIO?PEG and USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1 were assessed by MTT colorimetric assay. The uptake efficiency of USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1 was measured by Prussian blue staining, transmission electron microscope and MR imaging in vitro. Results The novel MR molecular imaging probe was synthetized with an average diameter of 43.84 nm. U87 glioma cell line was screened as test subject for the highly expression of NRP?1(P<0.05). USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1 group showed much more intracellular blue particles than USPIO?PEG group after Prussian blue staining. After incubation,USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1 mainly existed in lysosme,endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. In vitro MRI showed that USPIO?PEG?tLyP?1 significantly enhanced the negative contrast effect compared with USPIO?PEG(P<0.01). Conclusion The decoration of tLyP?1 enhanced targeting ability of USPIO?PEG to glioma cells and MR molecular imaging can be a promising method for early diagnosis of gliomas.
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Objective To study blood type B antigen elimination with α-galactosidase in human liver tissue,and discuss the feasibility of blood type conversion in human liver.Methods The liver specimens from patients with blood type B in liver transplantation were collected,and an in vitro liver perfusion model was established.The in vitro livers were perfused with UW solution +/-α-galactosidase.The effect of enzyme in B antigen of human liver were analyzed by immunofluorescence.Results With UW solution containing α-galactosidase to perfuse the in vitro livers,immunohistochemistry showed the level of blood type B antigen in liver was significantly reduced after hypothermic perfusion and preservation.The B antigen level in 1 h perfusion was reduced to approximate 58％ of this figure prior to perfusion,in 2 h was 10％,and in 4 h was 4％.Among the different intervals,the blood group antigen levels showed significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).In the control group,the blood group antigen levels showed no obvious change on statistical analysis.Conclusions α-galactosidase was effective to clear blood type B antigen in isolated liver tissue.In the experimental group,Although the B antigen did not fall to a undetectable level,liver blood type conversion from B→O remains a promising potential which has been meaningful for related researches on blood type conversion of human organs.
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Objective To investigate the immunomodulatory effects and the mechanism of interferon (IFN)-γ-pretreated adult autologous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) on peripheral blood lymphocytes. Methods ADSCs were obtained from adult subcutaneous adipose tissues. IFN-γ with and without pretreated ADSCs were used as IFN-γ-pretreated group and IFN-γ-unpretreated group, which were cultured with autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at different concentrations of ADSCs-to-PBMCs ratios in presence of concomitant phytohemagglutinin (PHA)/interleukin (IL)-2 stimulation. After 5 days of culture, the proliferatory inhibitory rate of activated T cells, the percentage of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg), and the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) mRNA were assessed. Results ADSCs were isolated from autologous adipose tissue, which strongly expressed CD73, CD90, and CD105, as well as displayed adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. The percentage of CD4+CD25+Treg was significantly higher in IFN-γ-pretreated group than that of IFN-γ-unpretreated group. The expression level of IDO mRNA in ADSCs was significantly increased in IFN-γ-pretreated group than that of IFN-γ-unpretreated group. The proliferation inhibition of activated T cells was significantly decreased in IDO-blocker group than that of IFN-γ-pretreated group (P < 0.01). Conclusion These results suggest that IFN-γ can promote immunosuppressive effects of ADSCs on activated T cells through increased expression of IDO.
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Objective To establish quality standards for stem leaf ofAstragali Radix.Methods A method of TLC identification was used for qualitative discrimination. The moisture, total ash and extracts contents of the stem leaf of Astragali Radix were determined by pharmacopoeia method. Total contents of astragaloside and astragalus polysaccharide were measured by colorimetry. The astragalosideⅣ and calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside contents were detected by HPLC.Results The spots of TLC were round and clear with good repeatability. The moisture contents of the stem leaf ofAstragali Radix were between 6.24%–12.24%; the total ash was between 8.21%–10.55%; the water- solubility extracts were between 12.12%–27.30%; alcohol-solubility extracts were between 6.89%–10.28%; the total contents of astragaloside were between 23.74–26.52 mg/g; astragalus polysaccharide were between 23.31–45.70 mg/g; the astragalosideⅣ contents were between 0.047%–0.18%; the calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside were 0.21%–0.26%. Conclusion The method is convenient, fast and repeatable, and the results are accurate and reliable, which can be used to control the quality of the stem leaf ofAstragali Radix effectively, and as the main index of the quality standard.